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<title>ICONV_OPEN</title>
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<h1 align="center">ICONV_OPEN</h1>
<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
<a href="#RETURN VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a><br>
<a href="#ERRORS">ERRORS</a><br>
<a href="#CONFORMING TO">CONFORMING TO</a><br>
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
<hr>
<h2>NAME
<a name="NAME"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">iconv_open
− allocate descriptor for character set conversion</p>
<h2>SYNOPSIS
<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>#include
<iconv.h></b></p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>iconv_t
iconv_open (const char*</b> <i>tocode</i><b>, const
char*</b> <i>fromcode</i><b>);</b></p>
<h2>DESCRIPTION
<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The
<b>iconv_open</b> function allocates a conversion descriptor
suitable for converting byte sequences from character
encoding <i>fromcode</i> to character encoding
<i>tocode</i>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The values
permitted for <i>fromcode</i> and <i>tocode</i> and the
supported combinations are system dependent. For the
libiconv library, the following encodings are supported, in
all combinations. <br>
European languages</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">ASCII,
ISO−8859−{1,2,3,4,5,7,9,10,13,14,15,16},
KOI8−R, KOI8−U, KOI8−RU,
CP{1250,1251,1252,1253,1254,1257}, CP{850,866,1131},
Mac{Roman,CentralEurope,Iceland,Croatian,Romania},
Mac{Cyrillic,Ukraine,Greek,Turkish}, Macintosh</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Semitic languages</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">ISO−8859−{6,8},
CP{1255,1256}, CP862, Mac{Hebrew,Arabic}</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Japanese</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">EUC−JP, SHIFT_JIS, CP932,
ISO−2022−JP, ISO−2022−JP−2,
ISO−2022−JP−1,
ISO-2022−JP−MS</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Chinese</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">EUC−CN, HZ, GBK, CP936,
GB18030, EUC−TW, BIG5, CP950, BIG5−HKSCS,
BIG5−HKSCS:2004, BIG5−HKSCS:2001,
BIG5−HKSCS:1999, ISO−2022−CN,
ISO−2022−CN−EXT</p>
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cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="9%">
<p>Korean</p></td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="50%">
<p>EUC−KR, CP949, ISO−2022−KR, JOHAB</p></td>
<td width="28%">
</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Armenian</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">ARMSCII−8</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Georgian</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">Georgian−Academy,
Georgian−PS</p>
<table width="100%" border="0" rules="none" frame="void"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="9%">
<p>Tajik</p></td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="35%">
<p>KOI8−T</p></td>
<td width="43%">
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="9%">
<p>Kazakh</p></td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="35%">
<p>PT154, RK1048</p></td>
<td width="43%">
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="9%">
<p>Thai</p></td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="35%">
<p>TIS−620, CP874, MacThai</p></td>
<td width="43%">
</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Laotian</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">MuleLao−1, CP1133</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Vietnamese</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">VISCII, TCVN, CP1258</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Platform specifics</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">HP−ROMAN8, NEXTSTEP</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Full Unicode</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">UTF−8 <br>
UCS−2, UCS−2BE, UCS−2LE <br>
UCS−4, UCS−4BE, UCS−4LE <br>
UTF−16, UTF−16BE, UTF−16LE <br>
UTF−32, UTF−32BE, UTF−32LE <br>
UTF−7 <br>
C99, JAVA</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Full Unicode, in terms of
<b>uint16_t</b> or <b>uint32_t</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">(with machine dependent
endianness and alignment) <br>
UCS−2−INTERNAL, UCS−4−INTERNAL</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Locale dependent, in terms of
<b>char</b> or <b>wchar_t</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">(with machine dependent
endianness and alignment, and with semantics depending on
the OS and the current LC_CTYPE locale facet) <br>
char, wchar_t</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">When configured
with the option
<b>−−enable−extra−encodings</b>, it
also provides support for a few extra encodings: <br>
European languages</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">CP{437,737,775,852,853,855,857,858,860,861,863,865,869,1125}</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Semitic languages</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">CP864</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Japanese</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">EUC−JISX0213,
Shift_JISX0213, ISO−2022−JP−3</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Chinese</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">BIG5−2003
(experimental)</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Turkmen</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">TDS565</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">Platform specifics</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">ATARIST,
RISCOS−LATIN1</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%;">EBCDIC compatible (not ASCII
compatible, very rarely used)</p>
<p style="margin-left:22%;">European languages: <br>
IBM-{037,273,277,278,280,282,284,285,297,423,500,870,871,875,880},
<br>
IBM-{905,924,1025,1026,1047,1112,1122,1123,1140,1141,1142,1143},
<br>
IBM-{1144,1145,1146,1147,1148,1149,1153,1154,1155,1156,1157,1158},
<br>
IBM-{1165,1166,4971} <br>
Semitic languages: <br>
IBM-{424,425,12712,16804} <br>
Persian: <br>
IBM-1097 <br>
Thai: <br>
IBM-{838,1160} <br>
Laotian: <br>
IBM-1132 <br>
Vietnamese: <br>
IBM-{1130,1164} <br>
Indic languages: <br>
IBM-1137</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The empty
encoding name "" is equivalent to
"char": it denotes the locale dependent character
encoding.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">When the string
"//TRANSLIT" is appended to <i>tocode</i>,
transliteration is activated. This means that when a
character cannot be represented in the target character set,
it can be approximated through one or several characters
that look similar to the original character.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">When the string
"//IGNORE" is appended to <i>tocode</i>,
characters that cannot be represented in the target
character set will be silently discarded.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The resulting
conversion descriptor can be used with <b>iconv</b> any
number of times. It remains valid until deallocated using
<b>iconv_close</b>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">A conversion
descriptor contains a conversion state. After creation using
<b>iconv_open</b>, the state is in the initial state. Using
<b>iconv</b> modifies the descriptor’s conversion
state. (This implies that a conversion descriptor can not be
used in multiple threads simultaneously.) To bring the state
back to the initial state, use <b>iconv</b> with NULL as
<i>inbuf</i> argument.</p>
<h2>RETURN VALUE
<a name="RETURN VALUE"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The
<b>iconv_open</b> function returns a freshly allocated
conversion descriptor. In case of error, it sets
<b>errno</b> and returns (iconv_t)(−1).</p>
<h2>ERRORS
<a name="ERRORS"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The following
error can occur, among others:</p>
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<p><b>EINVAL</b></p></td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="78%">
<p>The conversion from <i>fromcode</i> to <i>tocode</i> is
not supported by the implementation.</p></td></tr>
</table>
<h2>CONFORMING TO
<a name="CONFORMING TO"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">POSIX:2001</p>
<h2>SEE ALSO
<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
</h2>
<p style="margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>iconv</b>(3)
<b>iconvctl</b>(3) <b>iconv_close</b>(3)</p>
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