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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Chapter 15. Parallel Query</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="non-durability.html" title="14.5. Non-Durable Settings" /><link rel="next" href="how-parallel-query-works.html" title="15.1. How Parallel Query Works" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">Chapter 15. Parallel Query</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="non-durability.html" title="14.5. Non-Durable Settings">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="sql.html" title="Part II. The SQL Language">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">Part II. The SQL Language</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 16.3 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="how-parallel-query-works.html" title="15.1. How Parallel Query Works">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter" id="PARALLEL-QUERY"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title">Chapter 15. Parallel Query</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="how-parallel-query-works.html">15.1. How Parallel Query Works</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="when-can-parallel-query-be-used.html">15.2. When Can Parallel Query Be Used?</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="parallel-plans.html">15.3. Parallel Plans</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="parallel-plans.html#PARALLEL-SCANS">15.3.1. Parallel Scans</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="parallel-plans.html#PARALLEL-JOINS">15.3.2. Parallel Joins</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="parallel-plans.html#PARALLEL-AGGREGATION">15.3.3. Parallel Aggregation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="parallel-plans.html#PARALLEL-APPEND">15.3.4. Parallel Append</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="parallel-plans.html#PARALLEL-PLAN-TIPS">15.3.5. Parallel Plan Tips</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="parallel-safety.html">15.4. Parallel Safety</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="parallel-safety.html#PARALLEL-LABELING">15.4.1. Parallel Labeling for Functions and Aggregates</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><a id="id-1.5.14.2" class="indexterm"></a><p>
<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> can devise query plans that can leverage
multiple CPUs in order to answer queries faster. This feature is known
as parallel query. Many queries cannot benefit from parallel query, either
due to limitations of the current implementation or because there is no
imaginable query plan that is any faster than the serial query plan.
However, for queries that can benefit, the speedup from parallel query
is often very significant. Many queries can run more than twice as fast
when using parallel query, and some queries can run four times faster or
even more. Queries that touch a large amount of data but return only a
few rows to the user will typically benefit most. This chapter explains
some details of how parallel query works and in which situations it can be
used so that users who wish to make use of it can understand what to expect.
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